Effect of Probiotics on Gut Health and Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Background to the Study

The poultry industry faces increasing pressure to reduce antibiotic use due to the global threat of antimicrobial resistance. As a result, probiotics have gained attention as natural feed additives that enhance gut health and growth performance in poultry (Huyghebaert et al., 2021). Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms that improve the balance of intestinal microflora, enhance nutrient absorption, and boost immune response in broiler chickens.

When administered through feed or water, probiotics promote a healthy gut environment, reducing harmful bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella. This leads to better digestion, improved feed conversion, and higher body weight gain (Kareem et al., 2019). In addition, probiotics enhance meat quality and overall bird welfare, making them valuable tools for sustainable poultry production.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Although the benefits of probiotics are well documented, their effectiveness varies depending on the strain used, dosage, and management conditions. Many farmers still lack information about the best probiotic formulations for optimal results. Without this knowledge, the adoption of probiotics in poultry production remains limited.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

1. Determine the effect of probiotic supplementation on broiler growth performance.

2. Evaluate the impact of probiotics on intestinal microbial balance.

3. Assess the effect of probiotics on feed efficiency and carcass quality.

1.4 Research Questions

1. How do probiotics influence the growth rate of broiler chickens?

2. What changes occur in gut microflora due to probiotic supplementation?

3. Do probiotics improve feed utilization and meat quality?

1.5 Significance of the Study

This study will provide valuable insights for poultry farmers seeking antibiotic alternatives that improve bird health and productivity. It will also benefit feed manufacturers and policymakers by promoting safe, sustainable, and residue-free poultry production systems.

1.6 Scope of the Study

The study will focus on broiler chickens fed diets with and without probiotic supplementation. Parameters such as weight gain, feed intake, gut morphology, and microbial load will be measured over a six-week period.

1.7 Operational Definition of Terms

• Probiotics: Live microorganisms that provide health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts.

• Gut Health: The balance and function of microorganisms in the digestive tract.

• Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR): A measure of how efficiently feed is converted into body weight.